The experiences of American Civil War Veterans in April 1865 Research Paper

The experiences of American Civil War Veterans in April 1865 - Research Paper Example Coming home after four years of war must have had a lasting impact on the veterans. Posttraumatic stress, loneliness and physical injury were some of the things they went through. In other words, they literally went through hell. It must have killed them inside to know that they had to put on a bright face to reassure their loved ones and the nation as well that everything was okay. As evidenced from the wide range of memoirs, autobiographies and civil war diaries present in the annals of American history, individual experiences of the soldiers varied. As their experiences varied, so did their sentiments, hopes and future aspiration. Perhaps, one thing that they shared was a sense of pride and nationalism. The war was finally over. Confederate General Robert Lee had surrendered his authority to the Union under LTG U.S. Grant on April 9, 1865. Background In order to achieve clarity, it is important to place the civil war into its proper historical context. This begins with an understa nding that the issue of slavery in the United States was in the center of the worst internal conflict the country has ever experienced. The plantation elite, most of who were in the South ripping the benefits of slavery and forced labor in their tobacco, wheat and sugarcane plantation lacked the enthusiasm to relinquish their slave. They openly opposed abolition and maintained that it was within their rights to own property. Their argument was that abolition was repugnant to the constitutional right to own property. However, due to the rise of humanitarianism, the issue of slave ownership came under sharp criticism amid calls for the abolition of slavery. The anti-slavery campaign was the ethical cornerstone of the Republican presidential campaign in 1860 spearheaded by Abraham Lincoln1. Upon ascension to presidency, Lincoln vowed to champion for the emancipation of all slaves in the spirit of protecting human dignity under the ‘all men are equal’ mantra. The subsequent election of Abraham Lincoln angered a section of Southern states for fear that Lincoln would make good on his abolition pledge. In 1861, South Carolina alongside ten other Southern states wrote to the federal government declaring their intention to secede from the continental USA. Subsequently, the eleven states declared their secession after forming the Confederate States of America. The period that ensued is considered the mother of all internal conflicts. The resultant series of upheavals claimed the lives of thousands of American civilians and soldiers and leaving property worth millions of dollars destroyed. Slavery was central in the American civil war since the South remained adamant to relinquish their slaves even after Lincoln issued the historic Emancipation Proclamation after provoking his presidential powers. The president pushed for the inclusion of emancipation in the constitutional definition of liberty2. This marked the Thirteenth Amendment to the US Constitution. A frican American slaves fled from their owners and sought refuge in the Union camps as the war raged on. It is prudent to underscore the significance of the issue of slavery since it was the sole reason behind the conflict. April 1865 Going by the memoirs, books, journals and diaries of veteran soldiers, the period beginning April 9 to April 30 was poignantly etched in the minds of the entire nation. This was a period of uncertainty and the atmosphere was tense. Historians believe that

Business Models for High Tech Products Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Business Models for High Tech Products - Essay Example This limitation applies equally well to Apple’s other technological ventures such as the iPod, the iPhone and the iPad and others where it is obvious that Apple’s products target the upper segments of the market alone. This is more often done by Apple through differentiating their products with larger price tags for example the i-series of products from Apple is generally 30% or more priced from other market competitors. Whereas companies like Nokia have been ruling the market through domination of the underdog customer, Apple has chosen not to do so. Recently as other competitors have jumped into Nokia’s market share, the company has held steady because the lower end of the market is still firmly in its hand. In Apple’s case this is very different. Time and again Apple has found itself in troubled waters because Apple’s market segment (more appropriately targeted customer segment) has come under attack from other product makers. This has meant the bleeding of revenue to other competitors while Apple scrambles to innovate their products in the market segment under attack in order to keep relevant. The case of Windows 7 is very relevant in this regard. The introduction of Windows 7 hit the iOS market for computing solutions rather hard and Apple’s domestic computing solutions user drifted out of hand while Apple scrambled to recapture their interest. Had Apple been more diversified such as in the government and the corporate sectors, the threat would not have been that dangerous. Currently Apple derives most of its revenue from the mobile computing lineup consisting of the iPod, the iPad and the iPhone. The segment of mobile computing is expected to rise all the more in coming years as people would be looking for simple, lightweight mobile devices instead of grounded desktops and bulky laptops. The question now is how Apple plans to survive in an already crowded environment. Historically Apple has been providing its core and peripheral consumers with something new every other quarter or so but this run at innovation seems like dying down now. Future Course of Action Strangely enough Apple has always had the â€Å"Steve Jobs† stigma. As long as Mr. Jobs was online, Apple’s â€Å"applecart† seemed to move in the right direction. In this sense, Apple has always been a Jobs-centric company. The death of Steve Jobs in recent days might spell disaster for Apple as a company because previous runs with Jobs provide ground for such belief. Apple can already be seen entangled in a losing battle as the company’s most recent release the iPhone 4S was a complete disaster. The primary reason that the iPhone 2G succeeded was because it gave something to the market that was never there already even with the large variety on hand. Apple fanatics and others were all expecting Apple to come out with some new and innovative device that would once again revolutionize the world of smart phone s but Apple has failed to live up to these expectations. This serves as a beacon for Apple’s future course of action – the company should refrain from delivering half baked pizzas one after the other. The company needs to bring in something big and well planned and executed like Steve Jobs delivered the iPod lineage. For another thing, Apple needs to lower the price tags on its devices

Discussion board Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Discussion board - Essay Example Younger children might have suggested the best place for the third eye was the forehead, since they might not understand more abstract concepts other than current, real-life eye placement. The subject solved the problem with theoretical reasoning and provided a less tangible placement for the third eye that took into consideration the objective of the new third eye rather than simple function as a seeing tool. Piaget would likely reinforce that people in this stage of development would come up with unique solutions in this hypothetical situation without resorting to only obvious outcomes. Adults may not always reason according to Piaget’s theory due to many different factors, one of which is cultural beliefs that either promote or support abstract thinking. For example, family influence in a more docile and less motivated family structure might not have the same support network for education and creativity as other people. Social influence is important in human development. Ye s, ASU has helped in this effort. ASU challenges students to excel in learning and also to become motivated to consider alternative possibilities to unique problems. The college focuses on theoretical concepts that challenge more conceptual solutions to real-life problems in many classroom teachings.

Using a Cell Phone While Driving Essay Example for Free

Using a Cell Phone While Driving Essay Have you ever used a cell phone while driving? Is it dangerous or not? Using a cell phone while driving is common, but widely considered dangerous. We can’t imagine our life without using a cell phone. It is a part of our daily activities. We use a cell phone to make calls, E-mails, text massages, surf the Internet, to listen music’s and many other daily activities. Many of these activities take place while a person is driving. So, it is not only becoming a part of our daily activities, but also putting our life at risk. In my point of view, using a cell phone while driving increases the risk of accident. Using a cell phone while driving distracts our mind. Distraction is an important risk factor of traffic injuries. Suppose, you are holding your phone on your ear, listening to the conversation, and managing your car all at once. Youre not paying attention; you could miss a turn or not see something coming out into the road. This can be incredibly dangerous. Using a cell phone while driving distracts your mind obviously. It can cause your eyes off the road, hands off the steering wheel and mind off the sudden situation that can lead a dangerous accident and consequent may be sport death. Moreover, if you are speaking on cell phone being on the road you can not notice all traffic signals, may reach too close to other vehicle and find it very hard to keep a regular speed. That’s why you must remove your cell phone from steering wheel and have to keep your eyes on the road. So, calling, talking or reading a message on cell phone while driving distract your mind that can lead an accident. Using a cell phone while driving decrease performance level of the driver, no matter how excellent you are at driving. Driving is a skill that requires full attention of mind to safely control the vehicle. A cell phone conversation reduces that skills and you may forget lane keeping and changing, traffic rules, signals and cannot control the speed of your vehicle. One of my friend said that, he was almost killed on his motorcycle while trying to avoid being hit by reckless driver who was engaged on cell phone. So, talking on a cellphone while driving reduces the  competency level of control the vehicle as well as increases the probability of accident. Moreover, if you texting message while driving, you require a lot of focus on writing because you are constructing sentences. Often while texting, your eyes will leave the road. This is very dangerous, as a result you can hit a pedestrian, another vehicle and other hazard in the road. Engaging on a cell phone while driving is very risky task. A cell phone can distract your mind and reduce your driving skills. It will grab your attention and can easily lead to an accident. There is no doubt, using a cell phone while driving put your life at risk as well as other.

Change Management Plan :: Business Management Analysis

Change Management Plan Change is essential to today's business environment. If a company is to survive and succeed on a macro level, they should analyze and adopt the best overall plan for change on an enterprise level. When examining the best way to make changes in a company that will globally affect the company, it is usually best to look at the total picture before acting, lest the plan fail. This paper will briefly summarize four key areas that leaders and managers must understand in order to successfully make a change, or in the case of our model company CrysTel, manage change dynamically throughout the life of the company. In order to understand completely the change it wants to make, the company must understand the implications of the change and the human variables of change implementation. The company should also strive to understand how to monitor the progress of the change, and how to ensure the continued success of the change. The following paragraphs are an explanation of what CrysTel is, why i t needs to change, and how these four key areas can be manipulated to help it succeed in its dynamic need for change in the ever-changing environment it lives in. Implications of Organizational Change CrysTel is a telecommunications company that exists in a very dynamic environment, and it has the need for all aspects of itself to be dynamic and able to change relatively quickly. The upper management recently realized that CrysTel has the need to bring more products and services into its portfolio. That means that everybody who works for the company needs to be good at analyzing the best way to change, implementing a change, and sustaining the change. It also means that CrysTel employees need to change with the organization. In order for all of the employees to be good at the constant change that will be happening and be as dynamic as they need to be, they have to have good and dynamic leaders and managers to aid in the effort. Without the support from above, the employees will probably lose focus and the desire to see the company succeed (Miller et al, 2004). If the company does not prepare well, it might experience a high turnover rate as well. A study conducted by Lester Coch a nd John R.P. French showed that if a group of workers was not prepared for a change properly, that group exhibited a high turnover rate (Krietner & Kinicki, 2003).

Effects of Desertification

Environmental problems Of all the global environmental problems, desertification is, perhaps, the most threatening for poor rural people. The most accepted definition of desertification states that it is land degradation in arid, semiarid, and dry sub-humid areas resulting from various factors, including climatic variations and human activities. Drylands cover almost 40 percent of the total land surface of the world and are inhabited by approximately 1 billion humans dispersed over more than 100 countries. These people include many of the world's most vulnerable, marginalized, and politically weak citizens. In spite of the progress in the understanding of the ecological dimension of this phenomenon, few communities' wellbeing has improved by the myriad action plans and activities carried out by local, regional, or national organizations, particularly in Africa. A growing body of evidence suggests that a closer look at the social system and the role of its components is critical to understanding this frequent outcome. Drylands are characterized by water scarcity stemming from the conjunction of low water offer (i. e. , precipitation) and high water demand (i. . , water lost to the atmosphere as water vapor from soil via evaporation and from plants through transpiration). Drylands' precipitation is highly variable through the year and occurs in infrequent, discrete, and largely unpredictable events. In turn, the high evaporative demand of the atmosphere, resulting from high air temperatures, low humidity, and abundant solar radiation, determines that water availability is the dominant con trolling factor for biological processes such as plant growth and herbivore productivity. Thus drylands, though not barren, are ecosystems of low and highly variable productivity capable of limited human settlement and vulnerable to anthropogenic disturbance. The proximate causes of desertification are complex and vary from region to region. The European Mediterranean region has a long history of human misuse. War, urbanization, farming, and tourism have, over the years, altered vegetation to such an extent that, at present, virtually no natural vegetation exists there and soil erosion is ubiquitous. In contrast, Australian drylands have experienced extensive degradation only recently. The introduction of domestic livestock by Europeans in the late 1880s, together with the fences used to concentrate these animals and the suppression of fire, drastically reduced the abundance of perennial grasses, leaving more soil exposed to erosion by water or wind, and triggered shrub encroachment. In the Sahelian region of Africa, where the concept of desertification was first coined at the beginning of the 20th century, the replacement of the original vegetation by crops, the increase of grazing pressure over the remaining lands, and the collection of wood for fuel resulted in a reduction of the biological or economic productivity of the land. In particular, inappropriate use of heavy machinery, deficient irrigation schemes, and grazing management practices led to soil erosion, salinization, and overgrazing. Any attempt to assess the impact of desertification on human societies should first acknowledge the difference between the ways water-limited ecosystems shape the functioning of social systems and the effects of desertification itself. Desertification imposes an additional constraint on human well-being by further reducing the limited ecosystem goods (e. g. , food, timber, water) and services (e. g. , soil maintenance, erosion control, carbon sequestration) that drylands provide. Failure to address this difference would lead to an overestimation of the desertification effects. Additionally, the manifestations of desertification vary widely, depending on the capacity of each country to mitigate its impacts. For example, in Africa it resulted in declining productivity and intensifying food insecurity and widespread famines, whereas in the Mediterranean region desertification seriously threatens water supply, while many regions of northern Europe are experiencing an increase in dust deposition due to north African soil erosion. In poor countries with a large proportion of their territory in arid and semiarid regions, desertification may trigger a downward spiral where a significant amount of a nation's human and financial resources are devoted to combating past desertification effects, leaving less available to invest in health, education, industry, and governmental institutions. The ultimate precarious social conditions thus developed generally lead to migrations, exacerbating urban sprawl, and may bring about internal and cross-boundary social, ethnic, and political strife. Approaches to the desertification problem broadly fall into two competing perspectives: the predominant global environmental management (GEM) discourse and the populist discourse. Whereas the former discourse rests on neoliberal values and Malthusian thinking, the latter has its philosophical roots in the self-reliant advocacy derived from the dependency schools of the 1970s and 1980s. The GEM discourse depicts overpopulation in drylands as the main problem leading to the degradation of the ecosystems on which they depend. As seen in the GEM discourse, the global problem of desertification requires a global solution. Therefore, GEM supporters promote topdown, interventionist and technocentrist solutions implemented through international institutions and conventions, such as the UN Convention to Combat Desertification. On the contrary, the populist discourse–populist in the sense that it positively portrays the acts of local people–emphasizes that the marginalization of smallholders and pastoralists started during the colonial period and was subsequently deepened by global capitalism, transnational corporations, and northern consumers as the principal causes of land overexploitation and degradation. International assistance in the form of debt per nature exchanges or technological transferences is regarded as part of the problem itself. Rather, the populist discourse focuses on local or traditional knowledge and community-based action as major sources to overcome environmental problems. However, despite its diametrically opposed explanations of the desertification problem, neither discourse denies an impending crisis caused by desertification. Why, almost a century after its first detection, does desertification continue to be among the most important environmental problems faced by humankind? Though no single answer exists, there are some arguments to sketch an answer. Undoubtedly the inherent complexity of the desertification phenomenon hampers almost every phase of the sequence leading to the mitigation or control of an environmental problem (i. e. , first detection, general recognition, agreement on regulation). For instance, a long period elapsed between when French foresters first perceived what they called â€Å"the desert advance† and the widespread diffusion of the desertification tragedy that took place in the Sahelian region of Africa after a series of drought years at the beginning of the 1970s; today improvements in our understanding of rangelands functioning and climatic variability allow for faster detection and prevention. These advances show that vegetation dynamics in drylands may remain seemingly unaffected by an increase in land use pressure until there is a sudden shift to a lower-productivity stable state, with stochastic climate events, such as severe droughts, acting as triggers. Additionally, incomplete or inadequate scientific knowledge, together with the urgent need of integrative solutions for the Sahelian drama, may have driven actors to resort to the first workable options, leading to erroneous regulations at that time. However, regulations of this kind are not dependent on scientific knowledge alone but also on political pressure mechanisms. Thus an explanation of the failure to achieve sound regulation needs to consider political issues as well. The predominance of the GEM discourse, despite the poor performance of top-down solutions to â€Å"unsustainable† resource management, can be explained by its convenience for the interests of three main groups involved in the desertification issue: national governments, international aid donors, and scientists. National governments benefit not only from foreign financial aid but also from the use of desertification as the basis for severely repressive social control. International donors and institutions find the problem of desertification a reason unto itself for their involvement, whereas scientists may highlight the global nature and severity of the desertification problem as a means to obtain research funds. On the contrary, the bottom-up approaches promoted by the populist discourse do not fit the terms and conditions of bilateral and multilateral funding and instead stress the principles of participation and decentralization. It is apparent that the progress achieved in our comprehension of desertification has not been matched by an improvement in the regulations aimed at mitigating its consequences. While the accumulation of knowledge generated during the past decades provides evidence against both discourses' main tenets, they nonetheless remain influential in the political and scientific arenas. Future contributions to the solution of the desertification problem require the synthesis of recent social and ecological advances into a new synthetic framework that overcomes the constraints upon the solutions imposed by the GEM and populist discourses. Social scientists hope that a new desertification paradigm–that is, the dryland development paradigm, which represents a convergence of insights from both discourses–is emerging. Bibliography: 1) Adger, W. Neil, Tor A. Benjaminsen, Katrina Brown, and Hanne Svarstad. 2001. Advancing a Political Ecology of Global Environmental Discourses. † Development and Change 32:681-715. 2) Herrmann, Stefanie M. and Charles F. Hutchinson. 2005. â€Å"The Changing Contexts of the Desertification Debate. † Journal of Arid Environments 63:538-55. 3) Reynolds, James F. and D. Mark Stafford-Smith. 2002. Global Desertification: Do Humans Create Deserts? Berlin: Dahlem University Press. 4) Veron, Santiago R. , Jose M. Paruelo, and Martin Oesterheld. 2006. â€Å"Assessing Desertification. † Journal of Arid Environments 66:751-63.

Blue Like Jazz Conversion Stories

In the book Blue like Jazz there is a couple of conversion stories I would like to talk about. The first one comes from Chapter 4. It is the conversion of Millers friend Penny. Penny was a person who did not like Christians and Christianity based on the stereotypes that she had seen and the world has given to them. In the chapter it says that Penny wanted nothing to do with Christianity until she met a friend from her school. She went to college at the same place as miller, which is reed college, and after her freshman year she decided to study at a school in france. While there she was introduced to another student from Reed who she was very fond of and her name is Nadine. Nadine was a very nice person to Penny and listened to Penny’s childhood problems intently and with care. One night Nadine told Penny that she was a christian and Penny was very upset by it. She did not want to believe that this person that was so nice, kind and listened to her so well was a Christian because from her perspective of Christianity these were not traits of a Christian. Then when Penny started to think about it she found out that maybe Christianity has something to offer her. This was the beginning process of her conversion. She may not have changed her ways immediately but this way of thinking and meeting Nadine really opened up her mind to Christianity. Later in the book it goes to talk about how she converts after hearing the voice of God while she was high on drugs. This may or may not be true but personally I believe that it is. I think that God will come to people when they are most vulnerable and tell them straight up what they need to here. A couple of days later after hearing Gods voice she prayed and asked for forgiveness of her sins and that is the day that she converted. All that was left was a public display of conversion, also known as baptism.

Mars Rover Space Mission essays

Mars Rover Space Mission essays Robot Cars on Mars: Instruments and Future Advancements For many years scientists that studied the planet mars have tried to make a remote controlled vehicle that could withstand the arrival, landing, and that could gather useful information that could bring us to understand the ways of Mars. Whatever info that was gathered has come from Arial photos and thermal readings. The world has made numerous prototypes of different kinds of vehicles that could travel to the moon, but none of them has come close to the newly built ROVER. The Rover is equipped with several different reading systems that I will explain about. There has also been a lot of myths about mars, like what the face on its surface means, or if theirs life on Mars, and with this device we might just learn a little more about those topics. The overall competition that the rover faces was APEX which only featured one instrument, but the Rover offers six different tools which dig, tell temperature, and if water was once in a certain spot. The detailed descriptions of the tools are as follows. A pancam is the eyes of the operation. The Rover holds two of these high-resolution, digital cameras on its mast. It has a panoramic 3-D view of mars with unbelievable resolution. It beats the cameras on the pathfinder about 4 times with its resolution. These cameras offer the best look at mars yet. Scientists will see not only where certain Martian surface features around the Lander are located, but also which features warrant further investigation. Pancam imaging can tell the story of Martian rock distribution, dunes, and maybe ancient waterways. Imaging at different wavelengths can even tell about the mineralogical make-up of the Martian surface it pictures. The next instrument is the Mini-Thermal Emission Spectrometer or (Mini-TES). This operation works when the Mini-TES observes the infrared (or thermal) radiation emitted by rocks and soils. Most minerals have their...

The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) essays

The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) essays The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) have three very clear and simple points in its mission statement. The first point is to relay scientific knowledge of the Earth, solar system, and the universe to the rest of the world. The second point is made to advance human exploration of space and to develop it. The final point made is to continue to advance in space technology. NASA uses many different programs, which they call Strategic Enterprises, to help carry out their missions and visions for the future. The first three have to do with the understanding of life on Earth and the universe itself. The Earth Science Enterprise (ESE) looks toward the Earth and its natural processes to further understand humanity, as well as space. The Space Science Enterprise (SSE) charts the universe to try to understand it. It tries to find the answers to our existence, the universe, and other life in that universe. The third enterprise of understanding is the Biological and Physical R esearch Enterprise (BPR). BPR conducts basic and applied research in order to explore outer space. This program will make exploration safe for us to travel and possibly colonize space. The last two enterprises have to do with the actual exploration of the solar system and beyond. The first is the Human Exploration and Development of Space Enterprise (HEDS). The program's goal is to explore the frontier of space in safe conditions. The program is also working to make it possible for humans to work and live in space permanently. The final enterprise is called Aerospace Technology Enterprise (ATE). This program's main function is to advance flight technology to make travel to space safer for humans and less damaging to our environment on Earth and in space. NASA obtains most of its funding from the U.S. government's budget. Recently the budget called for over $40 billion to be dumped into NASA and space exploration. NASA also sells information and technolog...

Vocabulary Tips Is Data Singular or Plural

Vocabulary Tips Is Data Singular or Plural Vocabulary Tips: Is Data Singular or Plural? In the grammarian community, there are some who will tip over a table and storm out of the room if anyone dares to combine the word â€Å"data† with a singular verb in their presence: e.g., â€Å"The data is conclusive: Many pedants have severe anger issues.† They’d probably also object to the singular â€Å"their.†(Image: CURavensLog/YouTube) Are these people overreacting? Yes, of course they are. But do they have a point regardless? Should we be using â€Å"data† as a plural noun? And, if so, what is the singular version? Datum and Data Traditionally, â€Å"data† was a plural. The singular form (i.e., the word for a single fact or piece of information) was â€Å"datum.† As such, we might say something like the following: This datum is not significant in itself, but the combined data are hard to deny. In this sentence, â€Å"datum† clearly refers to a single piece of information, with â€Å"data† reserved for a collection of facts. This is important when it comes to subject-verb agreement, so the singular â€Å"data† is paired with the singular verb â€Å"is,† while â€Å"data† is followed by the plural verb â€Å"are.† Data as a Mass Noun Over time, however, usage of â€Å"data† has changed. Thus, it is now commonly used as a mass noun (otherwise known as an uncountable or non-count noun). This means that although â€Å"data† still refers to a collection of facts, it is treated as singular for grammatical purposes: Information was collected from hundreds of respondents, so the data is very persuasive. Consequently, â€Å"data† is now essentially a synonym for â€Å"information,† another mass noun that refers to a collection of facts or a large amount of evidence. â€Å"Data is† or â€Å"Data are†? Most of the time, even in academic writing, â€Å"data† is now used as a mass noun, so it should be combined with singular verbs. This would mean that â€Å"data is† is usually correct. However, in some fields â€Å"data are† is still considered technically correct unless you’re referring to a single fact, in which case â€Å"datum† should be used instead. As such, it’s a good idea to check your school’s style guide on this issue. If it doesn’t provide specific instructions, the singular â€Å"data† is probably fine. But you could always check with your professor to see if he or she has a preference if you want to be absolutely sure!

Position Paper on Leonel Fernandez Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Position Paper on Leonel Fernandez - Essay Example Position Paper on Leonel Fernandez He has been the recipient of various â€Å"Honorius causa† Degrees from renowned Universities across the world such as Harvard University, Sorbonne University and Seton Hall University. Leonel Fernandez, though a democratic and progressive leader, turned a blind eye to corruption by his friends. This is a position paper on Leonel Fernandez. The Dominican Republic has been through ups and downs during the two terms overseen by Fernandez. Fernandez’s first term, stretching from 1996 to 2000 marked the arrival of democracy as a practice in the Dominican Republic after the previous President Joaquin Balaguer, who had been a reputed strong man ruling for the past four decades, died (BBC 1). Leonel Fernandez appealed to politicians beyond the traditional lines, which helped bring much-respected independents in his government. Leonel Fernandez recaptured power in the year 2004 with the hopes of the country on him to reprise a failing economy. Sure enough, the president stabili zed the declining economy and restored it to aggressive growth. However, the politics that have dogged his administration have been less of an inspiration with the government run by party men and mired in some corruption scandals. Like the neighboring country of Haiti, the poorer populace of the Dominican Republic feels the pressure of high global prices for food. Fernandez reacted to this by implementing subsidies for chicken, rice, wheat and milk, to be paid to the supermarkets, directly, by the government. (The Economist 1). While these measures proved politically effective, his opponents were worried about its cost to the national government. An agreement reached by the Dominican Republic and IMF in 2008 helped to fund various projects in the country including the new metro station in Santo Domingo, the capital of the Dominican Republic. The government of Leonel Fernandez also did make some progress on fixing the Dominican Republic’s deficient system of electricity distribution. Approximately 30% of the nation’s power supply is stolen, lower than the previous half (The Economist 1). However, his government largely failed in streamlining the key sector, with the state holding company, for exam ple, employing approximately two thousand workers to carry out the work of twenty or thirty. Mr. Fernandez, though, stood by the underperforming boss, Radames Segura. While the Dominican Republic government uses oil-fired stations, they guarantee a fixed price of electricity. High crude prices saw the CDEEE’s subsidy rise to the point where it exceeded one billion dollars. Despite these shortcomings, Leonel Fernandez was a more charismatic and decisive leader when compared to Hipolito Mejia. For one, he is more likable by comparison, with his campaigns being more interactive and being feted almost like a top baseball player, normally wearing a baseball cap (Goble 1). Regardless of his use of public machinery like the police during his campaigns, he still managed to remain a cut above them without any of them accusing him of abuse of office or personal corruption. Even, as he relapsed into a Balaguer-like president, his people still stood by him, showing his admirable charisma . Politically, Leonel Fernandez outshone his main opponent back then. However, even with the manner in which Leonel Fernandez turned a blind eye

Global News Agenda Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 1

Global News Agenda - Essay Example When they launched the Al-Jazeera international, their assumed audience became the Arabs and the world at large (Cushion and Lewis 2010). The construction of news to their assumed audience however does not reflect the main aim of launching the media house. This is because diversity does not mean constructing news which reflects distant suffering and violence. Al-Jazeera do construct news not to reflect the ideas of people out their but they construct news in a way in which they portray different instances as though they were speaking out of their own views. Construction of its assumed audience Argument against the construction of its assumed audience Though some of the news constructed by Al-Jazeera meets the aims of which the TV was set up of focusing on development of world issues, most of them do not meet this aims as they are constructed not to bring in diversity but to portray the suffering of other people from other countries (Ginneken 1998). Even though, Al-Jazeera is global n ews form, most of its aims are not met by the construction of its news to its target audience. ... America’s summit ends in acrimony 2. Israel soldier suspended for gun-butt attack 3. Taliban assault on Afghan Capital ‘over’ 4. Breivik says not guilty over the killings in Norway Looking at these media articles, one will get a negative picture of the individual and the countries depicted. The four articles seem to bring the development of world issues to the door step of the assumed audience and also bring diversity to the Arab News. However, the ‘them’ versus ‘us’ is evident in the four articles, and it may have negative consequences like economic consequences to the assumed target (Malek & Kavoori 2000). The Al-Jazeera international news is watched all over the globe, and this means that these four articles have been watched globally and the individual and countries affected may suffer economically due to withdrawal effect from the other countries. The articles paint a bad picture of the individual and the countries and no one would e ver like to be associated with people with a bad image or even invest in a country which has political disability or one with wars(Burton 2010). The satellite TV news is sponsored by Sheikh Hamad Bin Khalifa. The reasons for his sponsorship are to shore up the Western support in case of any attack. His sponsorship is also a show of his commitment to making Qatar progressive Islamic states that welcome the western investment and to build a global Muslim identity and Tran’s national Islamic imagined community. Judging from the reasons as to why the satellite news were formed, it is evident that the Al-Jazeera the main interest were the Arabs and more so the people of Qatar and that is why the media house reports ‘bad’ things on other countries. In

Management and research methods Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Management and research methods - Essay Example It is notable that the assignment requires students to practice flexibility through developing the research questions from any topic. With this flexibility, the researcher seeks to develop research questions for gaining marketplace intelligence and its ability to accept a new product. The researcher in this study chooses to work on behalf of a new company, XYZ manufacturing men’s shaving products. By the nature of their development, the after-shave products were made to target the youthful generation of men aged 18 – 35 years. Particularly, the research seeks to understand whether the marketplace is already aware of the company’s main after - shave product known as Inclined for Men. The research will seek to understand whether the market is ready for such a remarkable new product. The designed questionnaires shall appear in a table format and seek to justify the reasons for the selection of the questions, and the objectives. Questionnaire Development Research Obj ectives I. To understand the percentage of youthful men aged 18 – 35 years who use after shave products. II. To know the level to which the marketplace is already aware of Inclined for Men product. III. To know the particular reasons why the clients buy the product IV. To know the target population source of information regarding the after – shave products. V. ... IV. What are the sources where the target population access their information on hair care products? V. What is the entertainment life style for the targeted population? Design of a Relevant Questionnaire The questionnaire designed to capture these research questions and help generate feedback to realize the objectives uses both open and closed end questions. It is designed to be easy for those administering it to follow and even for self-administration by the research participants. The questionnaire contains all the relevant information that will lead to meeting the research process. Reasons for Choosing the Questions in the Questionnaire It is notable that this study seeks to understand the marketplace intelligence for the Inclined for Men after – shave product. In order to accomplish the study the questions that are asked must generate appropriate information required by the researcher. The questions are intelligently chosen to ensure that they are relevant. Furthermore, it is hoped that they will lead to the realization of the needed information. The reasons for choosing the questions in the questionnaire are discussed as follows. The first question seeks to establish the age of the respondent before they start answering the subsequent questions. This is important because the research targets young men aged 18 – 35 years. Literature also supports this approach that researchers must understand the age of the respondent before they go to the details of answering other information (Van, 2007; pg. 45). The reason for choosing this question is to ensure that the individual’s description matches the requirements of the target population. It has the option of ending the process in a case where the respondent’s

Human Sexuality Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words - 1

Human Sexuality - Essay Example Others are confident that homosexuality contradicts the basic laws of nature. However, more often, such misunderstanding is due to the lack of scientific knowledge and theories regarding the development of sexual orientation in humans. The findings of contemporary research in human sexuality are at least controversial. Whether the orientation is the product of genetic of social influences is difficult to define: the current scientific knowledge does not provide an answer to this question. However, based on everything that has been written and said about the issue under consideration so far, the development of sexual orientation is a complex process that combines the features of genetic and social influences. Contemporary science treats sexual orientation as one of the most popular topics of scholarly research, and the issue of human sexuality is often reconsidered from the different philosophic viewpoints. Today, essentialism and social constructivism are fairly regarded as the two principal perspectives in the analysis of sexual orientation development. If we turn to essentialism, we will find out that the orientation, as well as sexuality, in general, as rooted in intrinsic, biological processes. Put simply, sexual orientation, including homosexuality, is the critical feature of the human nature and is an essential element of the human genetic structure. In their philosophic arguments, essentialists primarily apply to the principles of the evolutionary theory, and claim that â€Å"both human sexuality and sexual orientation are coded in human genes; essentialists also claim that throughout the human history, genes promoted reproduction and survival of humans†.

Gay, Lesbians, and Mental Illness Research Paper

Gay, Lesbians, and Mental Illness - Research Paper Example This is so because mental health personnel and society at large were given biased information, to begin with. The resultant conclusions were biased too because some time ago, only those gay/lesbians undergoing medical treatment were involved in the studies. But it soon became apparent that homosexuality was not a mental syndrome when researchers studied data of those who were not undergoing therapy. It was not only the mental health professional themselves who were guilty of this belief. Until 1973, even a prestigious organization as the American Psychiatric Association was guilty of this practice for they used to include homosexuality in the official manual that listed mental and emotional disorders. And it took American Psychological Association another two years to pass the resolution supporting the action of the APA. Some people still cling to the idea that mental illness is associated with homosexual orientation. It was the new and better-designed research methods that helped turn the tables in reaching this momentous decision on behalf of the gay/lesbians. Now, all concerned are in agreement that homosexuality is not an illness, mental disorder or an emotional problem. But it was not until more than three decades have passed that the situation was finally remedied. It is gratifying to note that much research has been done on the subject. Tori DeAngelis is a writer who is based in New York. She writes prolifically on homosexuality and related issues. She unearths valuable data on the lesbian/gay and bisexual (LGB) mental health and states that new findings overturn beliefs that were held previously inviolable. She reports on some of the new ‘breakthrough studies’ that offer fresh insights into the mental state of gay/lesbians. According to her, many such studies indicate that compared to heterosexuals, gay/lesbians seem to have higher rates of mental disorders.  Of course, this does not rise to the levels of serious pathology.  Ã‚  

Human Sexuality Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words - 1

Human Sexuality - Essay Example Others are confident that homosexuality contradicts the basic laws of nature. However, more often, such misunderstanding is due to the lack of scientific knowledge and theories regarding the development of sexual orientation in humans. The findings of contemporary research in human sexuality are at least controversial. Whether the orientation is the product of genetic of social influences is difficult to define: the current scientific knowledge does not provide an answer to this question. However, based on everything that has been written and said about the issue under consideration so far, the development of sexual orientation is a complex process that combines the features of genetic and social influences. Contemporary science treats sexual orientation as one of the most popular topics of scholarly research, and the issue of human sexuality is often reconsidered from the different philosophic viewpoints. Today, essentialism and social constructivism are fairly regarded as the two principal perspectives in the analysis of sexual orientation development. If we turn to essentialism, we will find out that the orientation, as well as sexuality, in general, as rooted in intrinsic, biological processes. Put simply, sexual orientation, including homosexuality, is the critical feature of the human nature and is an essential element of the human genetic structure. In their philosophic arguments, essentialists primarily apply to the principles of the evolutionary theory, and claim that â€Å"both human sexuality and sexual orientation are coded in human genes; essentialists also claim that throughout the human history, genes promoted reproduction and survival of humans†.

Micro Economics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Micro Economics - Essay Example The maximization of profits by a monopolist is shown in the diagram below. The necessary condition is that the marginal cost equals the marginal revenue and the sufficient condition is that the marginal cost curve has a greater slope than the marginal revenue curve at the intersection (Koutsoyiannis, 1975). Observe since the equilibrium price is higher than the average cost of production the equilibrium output, the monopolist makes a profit. This profit is shown as the shaded region in the diagram. Figure 1:Monopolist's equilibrium A typical reason for monopoly to occur is increasing returns to scale. If a particular firm has increasing returns to scale in any particular commodity, it has a natural advantage over any other firms in that market. This situation is known as natural monopoly. Monopoly can also occur through government regulation. There can be particular sectors in the economy that government run institutions run. Private entrepreneurship is not allowed. It may also be th ese industries require so high overhead costs private producers can’t afford it. The biggest disadvantage of monopoly is that it leads to exploitation of consumers. Particularly, this is true if the monopolist uses price discrimination to extract the entire consumers’ surplus. However, as first argued by Schumpeter (1950), the monopolist’s extraction of surplus is essential for economic growth. In competitive markets, the producers have to be content with zero profits. Investment returns are normal. Consequentially, the firm cannot invest in research and development which drives technological growth and innovation. However, since the monopolist is able to derive a surplus, it can invest this in research and development funds to attain technological competence. This is crucial for the monopolist or other big firms in order to retain their status as market leaders. And typically, technological innovation is what drives economic growth since it enables the resource s of the economy to become more productive thereby breaking free of capacity constraints (Varian, 2006). Therefore, an economy can have benefits as well as damages if a monopolist is in charge of a particular market. Monopolistic competition however is a market which combines features of Monopoly as well as perfect competition. Monopolistic competition is a market comprising of numerous buyers and sellers. However, unlike perfect competition, here products are differentiated. Every seller thus is a monopolist for his own product (Ison & Stuart, 2006). The producers now are not mere price takers. They simultaneously set price and quantity to maximize prices. However, entry is costless and therefore as long as there are positive profits, new firms enter the industry. As a result, monopolistically competitive firms can only earn zero profits in the long run equilibrium (Varian, 2006). Typically, monopolistically competitive markets are what we observe the most in the real world (Koutso yiannis, 1975). Markets start off with very few producers, but attracted by profits new firms enter. As competition intensifies, firms try to differentiate their products through advertising or introducing new varieties. The biggest advantage of monopolistic competition is that firms offer horizontally as well as vertically differentiated products and this results in better matches with consumer preferences. In the long run, there are no barriers to entering or exiting the market. As long as firms make supernormal profits, new firms

Using an Experimental Technique Essay Example for Free

Using an Experimental Technique Essay Another chemical commonly used is ethanol in the aseptic technique and this too was varied in the amount of time the seeds were soaked before being placed in varying times and concentrations of the sodium hypochlorite. Ultimately, in order to use the barley seeds we need have a sterilization technique that can eliminate majority of fungal contamination while not harming the germination of the chosen seeds. I propose an experimental idea to eliminate fungal contamination from barley seed germination. Materials and Methods Aseptic Technique The working area was sprayed down completely with 95% Ethanol before the seeds were used. The forceps used to transfer the seeds from liquid to media were sterilized using the ethanol. Seed Sterilization Procedure Using aseptic techniques 20 barley seeds obtained from the paper bag kept in the fridge were transferred into sterile distilled water and let to sit in a drawer for 20 hours overnight before being transferred to 100% bleach with a drop of dish liquid (Inatomi and Slaughter, 1971). The seeds were soaked in the bleach for a total of 2 hours before being dipped in sterile distilled water and placed on Petri dishes with minimal media and placed in a growth chamber. The germination of the seeds was monitored for 7 days for any fungal contamination. Results After 3 days the seeds were germinating (13 out of 20) and there was no visible evidence of fungal growth. 5 Days: there were no contaminants. 7 Days: no contaminants. || 3 Days seed growth. No contaminants. |3 Days seed growth. No contaminants. | || 5 Days seed growth. No contaminants. |5 Days seed growth. No contaminants. | Discussion Fungal contaminations can be a problem when trying to germinate seeds and a successful experiment is needed to sterilize the barley seeds for further experimentation. I proposed a sterilization experiment for barley seeds and had success with 65% germination and 0% fungal growth. This sterilization technique could provide a good beginning point to begin other experimentation on germination success of barley seeds, without the hassle of fungal contamination to destroy possible results. The overnight soak in the water forced the fungal spores to begin germinating and thereby making it possible for the 2 hour bleach soak to become more effective in eliminating the fungus and other contaminants from the seed coat. The few seeds which did not germinate could have had too much bleach penetration and therefore killed these seeds, however the success was more beneficial than the failure, and so this novel sterilization technique was effective in its elimination of fungal contaminations while providing a good germination rate of the barley seeds. Literature Cited K. Inatomi and J. C. Slaughter. 1971. The Role of Glutamate Decarboxylase and Aminobutyric Acid in Germinating Barley. J. Exp. Bot. 22:561-571.

Possibilities Of Current Global Issues My Impact Tourism Tourism Essay

Possibilities Of Current Global Issues My Impact Tourism Tourism Essay Political issues, tourism have dominated the economies of many Caribbean islands today causing local island governments to feel charged with promoting and further developing their islands tourism industry and infrastructure. Tourism is a cluster of human activities associated with the desire and ability of people to travel outside their environment. Such travel places demands upon political institutions in a given policy for regulation of both inbound and outbound tourism and for adjustments in various aspects of the society. Political issues affect the sustainability of tourism in many ways, some of the ways are the foreign exchange also call the international relations policy this is how much the host country will interact with other country to bring in money to the country, which benefit the country, but for this to happen policies must be put in place by the government to help protect a countrys national interests, national security, ideological goals, and economic prosperity, so this impacts the sustainability of the Caribbean by allowing money come into the country to help build tourism economically. Another is the political issues on the environment, this is objects surrounding the environment, government have to put in place laws to restrict infrastructure from being built in prestige and fragile places that could destroy the area which are voluntary to the country. With government policies like this it impacts the country positively not only for tourist but also for residents. Natural and man-made disasters are bound to happen in the Caribbean, the islands are located along the path of hurricanes, which irremissibly come to us every year. This is something that the islands have lived with since time immemorial, that is to say, the aspects related to regional beauty are linked to the phenomena that affect us every year but as nature lives in harmony with itself, it has the ability to recover from the effects of hurricanes, regenerating plants and redirecting the course of rivers that overflow their banks; in addition to bringing moisture to dry land. We humans have occupied the natural environment but have not learnt to co-exist with our habitat. Our societies have not been able to formulate mechanisms to prevent natural events from producing the social disasters that we usually have every year in one or several of our countries. In other words, hurricanes are natural, but disasters are man-made, since the responsibility for the damages brought about by hur ricanes is eminently social; it is therefore up to us humans to seek harmony with nature so that its phenomena would not have the negative effects that we regrettably suffer from time to time. Since we can influence neither the occurrence nor the trajectory of hurricanes, we must be prepared, so as to avoid or at least reduce such negative effects. In that respect, there have been great advancements in scientific knowledge pertaining to such phenomena, such as their origin, speed, wave height, wind force, temperature, that is to say, everything we need in order to know the exact time of arrival and departure, which puts us in a position to anticipate how we will be affected, taking into consideration the environmental conditions of the islands. Some of the man-made disasters are like pollution , whether to the air land or sea, from either the cruise ships or from hotels , these have a negative impact on the Caribbean because if the island become deteriorated then no tourist will wan t to visit the island since there is nothing there to attract them and if the island is doomed for a hurricane or Natural disaster constantly there only going to be little or no tourist that visits the country because they want to protect themself and also enjoy the tourism product of the country. Technology issues in the Caribbean region will need to adopt strategies and the actions to put it in the forefront of technological change. It is in the marketing and distribution areas that the use of technology is most critical. Natural advantages (sun, sand and sea) are no longer sufficient to give the Caribbean the competitive edge in global markets. New technologies are driving the new tourism from the supply side. New technologies are making it possible to supply individual tailor-made holidays that are cost-competitive with mass standardized and rigidly packaged options. Technology is driving the new tourism. It is creating the basis for flexibility and individuality of the travel experience without necessarily increasing costs. Economic issues amongst tourism sector offers a number of opportunities for linkages, which have not been fully exploited. From organic food production and cut flowers, to health services, high fashion for the tropics and environmental services, the potentials are enormous. These potentials must be analysed on a sector by sector basis using new strategies of development based on the principles of product focus and production flexibility. There is need to create more linkages between tourism and other sectors of the economy, particularly services of developing the axial potential of the tourism sector: using the presence of a tourism sector to develop other exports, e.g. sports, ecotourism, high fashion, environment services, health tourism. Three key issues of economic impact have also been identified: the high leakage of the tourism sector and the low levels of linkages developed between tourism and the other sectors of the economy; the need for more research and analysis; and the n eed to develop strategies and actions to maximize the Economic impacts of tourism. The Human resource issue is one of the key strategic issues facing the Caribbean tourism sector which is to ensure that the continued competitiveness of the sector in global markets. A number of factors will reinforce the competitiveness of the Caribbean tourism sector. One is the Human resource development; the key to quality is the human resources that deliver quality services. The development of the human resource base on the Caribbean tourism sector is a key priority. There is an urgent need to invest in the training and development of human resources that would manage the tourism industry in an efficient, profitable and sustainable manner and also provide quality services to an increasingly demanding international clientele. It is in the critically important field of human resource development that the accommodation sector faces its toughest challenge. In the increasingly competitive world of international tourism, the days of enthusiastic amateurs are over. Technical efficiency and professional service are the distinguishing marks of success. Tourists are becoming increasingly sceptical in their choice of tourism destination. A major factor that has been gaining importance in their selection set is the environmental quality of their preferred destination. Tourism planners need to recognize that the sustainability of their destination and its various offerings necessitates the consideration of environmental protection and conservation-related issues. This essay undertakes the study to explore the link between implementing better human resource, upgrading technologies, maximizing economic, political and Natural and manmade disasters to gain more tourism knowledge on how to help sustain pristine and unique areas that attracts tourist to the Caribbean.

Interview Essay - John Tymkiw -- Interview Essays

Interview Essay - John Tymkiw John Tymkiw was born in the Ukraine on June 10, 1913. WWI broke out a year after he was born, and he lived through the Depression while Hitler and Stalin were fighting. When the Ukraine was signed over to Russian rule, many left, but John stayed and ran a cooperative association supply company. He came to America in 1951, through a sponsor in Chicago and then traveled to California in 1957. He was married in 1962, and had no children of his own, but had two-step children. He continued his life working in machinery and carpentry. He now lives alone in his condo in Laguna Woods, surrounded by his artwork and accomplishments. John defines happiness as a feeling that does not have anything to do with possession. "It is all mental and spiritual," he says. When John was younger, he believed that the more he had, the happier he was, but now he understands that the material things have nothing to do with happiness. John knows he is happy because he has freedom. He is satisfied with the fact that he is free of pressure, worries, and stress. He feels that there is really nothing for him to turn to when he is unhappy, so he learns to deal with whatever may be bothering him. The only things that upset him are the outside forces that he has no control over. Before John started to lose his vision in January, he used to be a very active person. He kept busy as an artist. He painted porcelain sculptures and stained glass, and made stone pictures. He also loved to dance. When asked what makes him unhappy, he replied that the declining morality around the globe bothered him. He feels that there is a lack of justice. He doesn't understand how people can take advantage of other people. He feels that there is t... ...It was extremely difficult for him to find work. The social changes that John has seen which have affected his happiness include the decline in morality. He feels as if he has no way of fighting these changes in our society, so he has had to adapt himself quietly and take everything as it comes. John is pleased with himself, and feels that there is nothing that can be changed. He is old enough to distinguish between good and bad, and he is a strong believer in his religion. He says that for fifty years, he did not feel as if he belongs in America, and now he still isn't sure, but he is happy. The advice that John gives for being happy is not to think that the material things will make you happy, and to manage your life according to God's laws. That is the sure way to finding happiness. His philosophy on life is that following God will lead you to happiness. Interview Essay - John Tymkiw -- Interview Essays Interview Essay - John Tymkiw John Tymkiw was born in the Ukraine on June 10, 1913. WWI broke out a year after he was born, and he lived through the Depression while Hitler and Stalin were fighting. When the Ukraine was signed over to Russian rule, many left, but John stayed and ran a cooperative association supply company. He came to America in 1951, through a sponsor in Chicago and then traveled to California in 1957. He was married in 1962, and had no children of his own, but had two-step children. He continued his life working in machinery and carpentry. He now lives alone in his condo in Laguna Woods, surrounded by his artwork and accomplishments. John defines happiness as a feeling that does not have anything to do with possession. "It is all mental and spiritual," he says. When John was younger, he believed that the more he had, the happier he was, but now he understands that the material things have nothing to do with happiness. John knows he is happy because he has freedom. He is satisfied with the fact that he is free of pressure, worries, and stress. He feels that there is really nothing for him to turn to when he is unhappy, so he learns to deal with whatever may be bothering him. The only things that upset him are the outside forces that he has no control over. Before John started to lose his vision in January, he used to be a very active person. He kept busy as an artist. He painted porcelain sculptures and stained glass, and made stone pictures. He also loved to dance. When asked what makes him unhappy, he replied that the declining morality around the globe bothered him. He feels that there is a lack of justice. He doesn't understand how people can take advantage of other people. He feels that there is t... ...It was extremely difficult for him to find work. The social changes that John has seen which have affected his happiness include the decline in morality. He feels as if he has no way of fighting these changes in our society, so he has had to adapt himself quietly and take everything as it comes. John is pleased with himself, and feels that there is nothing that can be changed. He is old enough to distinguish between good and bad, and he is a strong believer in his religion. He says that for fifty years, he did not feel as if he belongs in America, and now he still isn't sure, but he is happy. The advice that John gives for being happy is not to think that the material things will make you happy, and to manage your life according to God's laws. That is the sure way to finding happiness. His philosophy on life is that following God will lead you to happiness.

Leo XIII: Rerum Novarum

1. What did Leo say about the poor people? The present age has handed over the working poor to inhumane employers and greedy competitors. (a. 6) He saw the working poor as needy and helpless, (a. 66) And they are insufficiently protected against injustices and violence. (a. 32) 2. What did he want the working poor to understand? He wanted the working poor to understand that the lowest in society cannot be made equal with the highest and that poverty is no disgrace. (a. 37) To suffer and endure is human. (a. 27) The working poor are told not to injure the property or person of their employers and not to forcibly the property of others. (a. 55) 3. What was the moral component of Leo's message? The message to the working poor seems to be aimed at calming and consoling the poor, encouraging them to accept their position in society without rancor and without harm to others. Leo sought to enlist the aid of the working poor in preserving good order. 4. What did Leo say to those who work with the poor? Leo XIII declared that the working poor must be cared for. Employers have clear moral obligations: workers are not to be treated as slaves; the dignity of your workers' human personality must be respected; do not use people as things for gain; do not oppress the needy or the wretched for your own profit. The approach to employers is on a high moral plane, but it is also very practical: you need your poor worker, so work with him harmoniously. It is immoral to treat workers unjustly, and it is also not in the best interest of ownership and management. 5. What was the message to the employers? Leo warns the employers against the pitfalls of being wealthy; pointing out that wealth does not end sorrow and that it is a hindrance to eternal happiness. In view of eternity, what counts is not how much we have but how we use what we have, and we will have to account to God for our use of wealth 6. What did the Pope say to the wealthy? The wealthy are told that their goods are for their perfection and the benefit of others, and they are encouraged to share their goods when they see others in need: when the need is extreme, the demand is of justice: otherwise, the demand is of charity. 7. What was R.N's teachings of unions and strikes? The encyclical comes down strongly in favour of unions, stating that their increase is to be desired. (a. 69) The immediate object of unions is the private advantage of those associated, so that workers are to use their unions to secure increase in goods of body, soul and prosperity. (a. 71) The principal goal of unions is moral and religious perfection. (a. 77) The message about preserving good order is clear and unmistakable, but so is the message about standing up for rights. Leo XIII wanted the working poor to protect their interests, to make demands, to press their claims, and the principal means for doing this was the formation of unions. 8. What did Leo say about working conditions? Wages should never be less than enough to support a worker who is thrifty and upright. (a. 63) Work should not be so long that it dulls the spirit or that the body sinks from exhaustion. (a. 59) The factors in the establishment of hours are listed as: the nature of the work; the circumstances of time and place; the physical condition of the workers. (a. 59) 9. What was his stand on private ownership and property? Private ownership must be preserved inviolate. (a. 23) Must be regarded as sacred. (a. 65) It is wrong for ownership to be limited to a small number of people, and private property must be spread among the largest number of population. (a. 65) And a more equitable division of goods. (a. 66) 10. How did Leo see the role of government? The purpose of government is to cause public and individual well-being. (a. 48) The government must protect the community and it's constituent parts. (a. 52) Protect equitably each and every class of citizens. (a. 49) Give special consideration to the weak and poor. (a. 54) This special care should include the working poor. (a. 54) Improve the condition of workers. (a. 48) Safeguard the well-being and interests of workers. (a. 49) Protection of the goods of the worker's soul. (a. 57) The government's intervention in matters of wages, hours, and working conditions should be avoided. (a. 64) The government does not have the authority to forbid unions. (a. 72) It can oppose, dissolve and prevent unions when their objective is at variance with good morals, justice, or to it that there are no strikes. (a. 56) It should seek to remove the causes of strikes. (a. 56) Government must permit freedom of action to individuals and families. (a. 52) Government should give public aid to families in extreme difficulty. (a. 21) Â · Briefly summarise the popes intention and purpose for the Rerum Novarum. The Popes intention was his conviction that the present ages has handed over the working poor to inhumane employers and greedy competitors. He wanted to help the working poor by setting these rules. These rules help people to know their roles and obligations when dealing with work.

The Education System In Mauritius Education Essay

Education has been free for the secondary degree since 1977 and for full clip undergraduate degree at the University of Mauritius since 1988. The State provides equal support for instruction, on occasion striving tight budgets and even subsidising a great portion of the outgo in grant aided secondary schools, that is, schools under the control of in private owned establishments. With cosmopolitan primary instruction being achieved in the 1970s, free instruction in 1977, and statute law devising instruction up to 16 old ages of age compulsory, the challenges policyaˆ?makers have had to face have related to broadening entree at the higher instruction degree, bettering quality, and beef uping the direction of the sector ( while guaranting equity ) . The funding of higher instruction is fundamentally via the authorities and students/parents. Students enrolled in public higher educational establishments are funded to a really big extent by the authorities. Students enrolled in local private higher instruction establishments and those in abroad establishments pay the full cost of their instruction. The cardinal factors act uponing the quality of higher instruction are the quality of module, course of study criterions, technological substructure available, research environment, accreditation government and the administrative policies and processs implemented in establishments of higher acquisition. The overall vision of authorities was spelt out in the New Economic Agenda formulated in 2000. The chief challenge was to travel bit by bit off from traditional sectors to the services sector. The aim was to diversify fabrication into higher valueaˆ?added markets and to consolidate services ( fiscal, ICT, etc. ) as a 4th pillar of economic development. To pull new investing and to keep the state ‘s fight, a extremely productive skilled work force was seen as imperative. With a position to puting Mauritius on a higher growing way, the state has recognised the importance of developing higher instruction as a regional hub for high quality instruction and preparation, to guarantee that the cognition industry acts as a accelerator in broadening the Mauritanian economic system, and in supplying the necessary support to the bing and approaching sectors. There has been a dramatic paradigm displacement in the development scheme mooted by the authorities. In drumhead, it has been accepted by authorities that the instruction system, particularly higher instruction, needs to be reaˆ?orientated to react more efficaciously. Higher instruction in Mauritius can be traced back to the constitution of the School of Agriculture within the Department of Agriculture in 1914, which became integrated into the UoM when it was established in 1965. However, it was merely in postaˆ?independent Mauritius that several public higher instruction establishments were created, which were complementary to UoM. Over the old ages the higher instruction sector has become progressively diversified.Pre Primary sectorThe Pre-primary sector traditionally catered for kids aged 4 onwards and, since this twelvemonth, for those aged 3. The NER presently stands at 94 per centum, with the State supplying a per-child grant of MR 200 ( USD 6 ) . Private individuals/ establishments make up some 80 per centum of the educational proviso in the sector. The undermentioned steps are portion of policy developments to consolidate the sector: aˆ? Strengthening the institutional and regulative model for the proviso of Early Childhood Care and Education. aˆ? Reduction of disparity among pre-schools. aˆ? Addressing the job of out-of-schools pre-primary kids due to absolute poorness. aˆ? Developing a National Curriculum Framework for the pre-primary subsector. aˆ? Ensuring preparedness of all pre-primary school kids for primary school. aˆ? Construction of pre-primary units in deprived countries aˆ? Strengthening partnerships with parents through a Parent Empowerment Program.Primary sectorChilds are enrolled in primary school from the age of five and come in Standard ( Grade ) I and travel automatically up to Standard VI. The system is competitory and a biennial readying starts since Standard V up to Standard VI for the terminal of primary school scrutinies, the CPE ( Certificate of Primary Education ) . The CPE is a national scrutiny carried out in all the schools of the island following a rating system. Five topics are mandatory — English, Gallic, Mathematics, Science, and History and Geography and the scaling procedure is based on the 5 best classs obtained from these along with any one of the Asian/ Arabic languages. . Government has implemented several enterprises in primary schools of the state in order to better CPE scrutinies consequences. One such enterprise is known as the ‘Zones d'Education Prioritaires ‘ ( Z.E.P. ) . This inaugural targets the schools with low public presentation over a back-to-back period of five old ages and involves the whole school community: school staff, parents, NGOs, concern and community-based associations in bettering the school clime and consequences. Other recent enterprises have included the development of an Enhancement Programme to provide for pupils of Std III and IV supplying several carbon monoxides curricular activities to back up the holistic development of the kid, and the debut of ICT in the schoolroom through the ‘ Sankore ‘ programme where categories of Std IV are increasingly being equipped with computing machines and synergistic projectors.Secondary sectorThe CPE determines admittance to a secondary college. Secondary school s are either State owned, grant-aided private schools, or to the full private fee-paying schools. The kid enters college in Form I and progresses through to Form VI, necessitating seven old ages of schooling since there is a two twelvemonth readying for the Higher School Certificate/A-Level scrutinies. A major nationally devised course of study has been developed for Forms I-III with the Secondary Curriculum Framework now in topographic point since 2010. Students study for a wide compulsory course of study up to Form III consisting English, French, Mathematics and the Social and Hard Sciences. When pupils reach Form IV, they have to take at least six major topics for their O-Level scrutinies in Form V. Subsequently, pupils have to specialize in 3 chief topics and 2 subordinate 1s for the A Level scrutiny. The O-Level and A-Level scrutinies are carried out by the University of Cambridge through the University of Cambridge International Examinations, which devises the course of study ; prepares and prints the scrutinies documents and does the rectification for most topics.TVET ( Technical and Vocational Education and Training )The chief supplier of the TVET plan is the Mauritius Institute of Training and Development ( MITD ) . The intent of the MITD is to offer legion proficient plans to supply human resource preparation to run into the demands of the universe of work at the in-between professional degree. The MITD besides presently besides provides classs at the degree of National Diploma. The TVET sector is regulated by the Mauritius Qualifications Authority which besides develops and maintains the national Qualifications Framework ( NQF ) .Tertiary sectorTertiary instruction which started in 1924 with the College of Agriculture has since developed into a diversified system, composed of public, private, regional and abroad establishments providing for a broad scope of classs and programmes. Third instruction in Mauritius is characterized by a broad scope of establishments with diverse features. Some provide all degrees of third instruction in a scope of subjects while others focus their activities on merely one or two countries at certain degrees. A figure of the establishments are overseas with their commissariats made available through the distance instruction and mix manner. Within the populace sector, third instruction revolves around the University of Mauritius ( UoM ) , the University of Technology ( UTM ) , the Mauritius Institute of Education ( MIE ) , the Mahatma Gandhi Institute ( MGI ) , the Mauritius Institute of Training and Development ( MITD ) and the Open University of Mauritius ( OUM ) . Oversing the four third instruction establishments ( TEIs ) is the Tertiary Education Commission ( TEC ) which, inter alia, has duty for apportioning public financess, and fosterage, planning and organizing the development of post-secondary instruction and preparation. In add-on to the above publicly-funded establishments ( PFIs ) , a figure of private establishments are soon presenting tertiary-level programmes, largely in niche countries like Information Technology, Law, Management, Accountancy and Finance. Many of the programmes in the private sector are offered in coaction with abroad establishments. Many Mauritanian pupils besides either travel overseas or fall back entirely to the unfastened acquisition manner in prosecuting their higher instruction surveies.The University of MauritiusThe University of Mauritius ( UOM ) is a national University in Mauritius. It is the oldest and largest university in the state in footings of pupil registration and course of study offered. The public university ‘s chief campus is located at Reduit, Moka. Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth II, who was accompanied by His Royal Highness the Duke of Edinburgh, inaugurated the University on 24th March 1972. Over the past decennaries, in response to the contemporary and emergent demands of the assorted sectors of the Mauritanian economic system, the university now has progressed from being a largely in-service preparation establishment to a fully-fledged university, concentrating progressively on unmarried man ‘s grades, graduate student programmes, research and consultancy. The university ‘s current strategic program, Strategic Directions 2006-2015, has the following six strategic waies: Knowledge creative activity Knowledge diffusion Investing in resources Choice civilization and good administration National, regional and international coactions Community outreach The University of Mauritius has committed itself to uninterrupted betterment and quality direction. These are the actions that the university is seeking to provide for: Guaranting relevancy – interact proactively with the universe of work and the community to provide for emergent demands while instilling a wider sense of belonging to the university. Guaranting quality of instruction and larning – enhance bing commissariats for uninterrupted betterment in the quality of instruction and acquisition, and work increasingly towards the execution of best pattern. Strengthen research – develop further the university ‘s research capacity and research direction program. Internationalize the university – better the international standing of the university and spread out its function and programme of activities. Amongst Mauritian universities the UoM stands out both in footings of its laterality with respect to registration and it legion pockets of excellence with respect to research. The UoM is the largest provider of third instruction locally, accounting for 22.2 % of entire higher instruction registration.FacultiesOriginally, the university had three schools, viz. Agriculture, Administration and Industrial Technology. It has since expanded to consist five modules, viz. Faculty Of Agriculture, Faculty Of Engineering, Faculty Of Law and Management, Faculty Of Science, and Faculty Of Social Studies & A ; Humanities. The modules are involved in learning, research and consultancy. It has besides a Centre for Medical Research and Studies, a Centre for Distance Education, a Centre for Information Technology and Systems, and a Consultancy Centre. Following these on-campus developments and enlargements, it resulted in a coincident addition in the figure and in the diverseness of programmes being o ffered, and the figure of pupils enrolled. The programmes of the University are internationally recognized and include choice confidence mechanisms such as the external tester system and affiliated with celebrated Universities worldwide. There is a Quality Assurance Office which helps the University in keeping and bettering the quality of all its activities. There are assorted exchange understandings that have been established between the UOM and abroad universities.Students UnionThe Students Union, established in 1971, is run by and for the pupils. It work in the involvement of pupils and on a regular basis organize assorted activities. All pupils are members, the rank fee being included in the enrollment. Students are really dynamic in forming extracurricular activities supported by the Public Relations Office.

Animal Farm: the morals of the novel

George Orwell had written his novel â€Å"Animal Farm† in order to warn his readers for numerous reasons. In many parts of the novel, George Orwell clearly portrayed how ignorance was a very big part as to why the animals were so easily controlled. This In theory, lead to the conflicted problems the animals had about equality. In particularly, equality was the key Idea of the relation between the Russian Revolution and Animal Farm. Accordingly, George Orwell had expressed thoroughly how power can almost certainly be corruptive. Most importantly, it showed the definite danger of a naive working class.One of main ideas one can learn from George Orwell is that the readers can be taught that they should be self-aware and not be ignorant as it presumably can be taken advantage of, frequently. Forthrightly, the animals allowed themselves to be used and treated in this way. In other words, ignorance can be easily fixed and frustratingly enough, they did almost nothing to fix this. Co nsequently, the animals were easily deceived and manipulated. For example, Boxer, who represented the loyal and working class of the attempt communism In the Soviet Union, had undeniably been taken advantage of.Because of having the inability or unwillingness to question the authority and puzzling out the Implications of numerous possible actions to avoid the result that had occurred, Boxer preferred to draw a blind eye and repeated the words â€Å"Napoleon Is always right† (Chapter V). In addition, the pigs had the upper hand and could therefore control him, and the other animals smoothly without any problem whatsoever. This is also the moral of why George Orwell wrote Animal Farm as a fable. Animal Farm demonstrates how by being naive and ignorant can be used against and in turn suffer to the full extent of eyeing taken advantage on.The common animals of Animal Farm had fought for equality, but easier said than done, it was proved that the outcome was not what they had in m ind. At the beginning of the novel when Old Major (based on both Karl Marx and Vladimir Lenin) had given his remarkable speech that had influenced the other animals to start â€Å"minimalism,† he had had created many of the Seven Commandments. George Orwell had used this chance to show the role of propaganda and how It could easily manipulate people. Coincidently, Squealer had the position of propaganda and hush George Orwell represents this through Squealer's manipulation of the seven commandments.Two of which were very significant throughout the novel. The phrase, â€Å"Four legs good, two legs bad† (Chapter Ill) explained the clear line between humans and animals despite the fact that not all animals use four legs. George Orwell had used this commandment to demonstrate how the upper-class abuses language to control the lower-class. It was observed that this certain instruction was in fact effective at first but soon developed into nothing more than a simple opinion s by the end of the novel, the phrase had changed to â€Å"Four legs good, two legs better† (Chapter X). Namely, this phrase displayed the overall bias prospective of the animals.Similarly, another commandment â€Å"All animals are equal, but some animals are more equal than others† (Chapter X), demonstrated the obvious unfairness of the pigs and the other animals. This was the consequence of the animal's Ignorance as they did not take in the thought that the original commandment, â€Å"All animals are corruption on Animal Farm. All in all, considering Animal farm as an allegory, the evolve demonstrated that this form of inequality was also evident during the Russian Revolution as a consequence of having Joseph Stalin (Napoleon) and Leon Trotsky (Snowball) as the leaders.George Orwell had clearly shown that power certainly corrupts throughout the novel. Unquestionably, the pigs were given absolute power and in return wrecked the ultimate plan of minimalism the animals , including Old Major, originally strives. Although, the leadership did have a positive effect at first, having driven the men away and all of the animals were working together for the moon good. The pigs started to exploit and abuse the position of authority they had over the other animals, where a rivalry was formed.Ironically enough, the pigs continued on and on, and soon enough they were beginning to resemble the behavior of the men the animals had driven away. This suggested that George Orwell did in fact warn the readers that power can without a doubt be corruptive. As George Orwell wrote Animal Farm as a political satire and as a third prospective, the warning was expressed very straightforwardly in contrast to what the actual animals were hinging. Apart from that, the pigs' manipulation of the other animals symbolized the windmill.This is because while the animals worked a tremendous amount on the windmill despite the fact for the need of their own food and comfort, the pigs were the only ones who had gained in that entire period. They were the ones that were not participating and earned the money and therefore, their power, in particularly Napoleon, expanded like nothing other. To put it in an allegorical point of view, as Russia was behind in the Industrial Revolution, the huge projects that were undertaken in Soviet Russia was what the windmill represented.Another example of the amount of power Napoleon had was when he had sold his most loyal companion for alcohol. This was quite a dilemma because before being carted off, Boxer served as the force that held Animal Farm together, and with Boxer's absence, it represented that Animal Farm was no longer â€Å"equal,† and that Napoleon held complete authority. Overall, out of the number of reasons why George Orwell had written Animal Farm, it is believed that the novel can be viewed as a warning for numerous reasons.Clear as a bell, the novel demonstrated that if one is ignorant it can undeniably be taken advantage of and be used against. It was also demonstrated that the idea of equality is most definitely harder to achieve than it is to dream of and that it was certainly unsuccessful throughout Animal Farm as the leaders were not clear-minded from the result of power. This is because George Orwell effectively proved that a great deal of power can truly be dreadfully corruptive. In conclusion, George Orwell wrote Animal Farm as a warning. Bibliography: Sparseness. Com – Animal Farm

Managing the People Dimension Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3250 words

Managing the People Dimension - Essay Example The author of the essay "Managing the People Dimension" begins with that the classical theory of management was developed and started being used, during the era of the industrial revolution, in the process of fashioning solutions to due to the problems facing the factory system. The main themes of the theory include the role of bureaucracy and increasing the productivity of organizations. The advantages of the classical theory of management include that it splits the workforce of an organization into groups, and it supports the division of labour. The disadvantages of the theory include that the developers relied on assumptions and used on untested assumptions. At the end of the paper the author comes to the interesting conclusion. The classical theory of management was conceived and its use started during the industrial revolution, following the collapse of the factory system. The theory emphasises the importance of expertise, rules and rationalization, with respect to the improveme nt of productivity and profitability. The main advantages of the theory include that the staffs are divided into different groups; it promotes the division of labour and emphasizes the importance of monetary incentives. The disadvantages of the theory include that the proponents relied on unfounded conclusions and it ignores informal relations and systems. In TMC, the company has used rationalization in the division of labour, the provision of employee training and the assessment and rating of employees based on performance.

(LOVE) Country Research Project - Country - India - Industry - Mobile Paper

(LOVE) Country Project - Country - India - Industry - Mobile Telephone - Research Paper Example V. Narasimha Rao to initiate the liberalization and globalization process in full swing to put the country in high growth trajectory. That was indeed a turning point of the country. The state behemoth BSNL was the only service provider in the public sector and landline was the only available way of communication to the people. The people of the country had to wait several years to get BSNL landline connection as wait-list was fairly long and state resources were not enough to meet the investment needs of the country. In the wake of economic liberalization process, India suddenly became lucrative and telecommunication was earmarked as one of the thrust area. The government introduced National Telecom Policy in 1994 that defined certain objectives and also recognized the fact that the government does not have enough resources to meet the desired objectives. In 1995, the government of India decided to setup an independent regulatory body called TRAI (Telecom Regulatory Authority of India). The purpose was to regulate and spearhead the growth and investment in the field of telecommunication and formulate all policy matters striking a balance between users and industry. India is a second largest country in the world in terms of population. As per the latest census, population of the country has crossed 121 billion marks and that offers huge telecom market in the making. Administratively, the country is divided into 28 states and seven union territories. On religious composition, 80.5 percent of the population follows Hindu religion. Muslims constitute almost 13.4 percent of the population as the largest minority community. Christians constitute almost 2.3% of the population. India is also a land of many languages; however, Hindi is understood and spoken by a large section of the society. Most of the educated classes of the people understand